生殖医学杂志

目的 探讨电刺激生物反馈对产后盆底功能康复的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2020年10月至2023年8月收集的3 572例产后盆底功能障碍患者的临床资料。所有患者均进行电刺激生物反馈治疗，治疗前后采用盆底表面肌电Glazer评估，观察治疗效果。结果 与治疗前比较，治疗后患者生活质量评分(I-QoL)评分显著升高[(67.34±7.18)分vs.(56.82±6.27)分，P<0.05],治疗后盆底表面肌电评估总得分[(69.50±15.40)分vs.(64.90±16.30)分]、治疗后快肌收缩时间[(0.39±0.20)s vs.(0.42±0.30)s]、放松时间[(0.50±0.40)s vs.(0.58±0.60)s]、治疗后慢肌变异系数[(0.22±0.23) vs.(0.34±0.54)]均显著改善(P<0.05)。治疗后，高龄患者(≥35岁)较低龄患者(<35岁)快肌收缩时间减少4.0%,低龄患者快肌放松时间较高龄患者降低1.5%;西部地区患者较东部地区患者快肌收缩时间减少0.7%、快肌放松时间降低5.2%,但这些差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 电刺激生物反馈治疗后，产后盆底功能障碍患者I-QoL、盆底表面肌电评估总得分、快肌收缩时间、快肌放松时间、慢肌稳定性较治疗前均有显著差异；电刺激生物反馈可改善盆底表面肌电Glazer评估部分指标，促进产后盆底功能康复，提高患者生活质量。

Objective:To explore effects of electrical stimulation and biofeedback treatment on postpartum pelvic floor function.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 3 572 postpartum women with pelvic floor dysfunction from October 2020 to August 2023. All patients accepted electrical stimulation and biofeedback treatment, and Glazer pelvic floor muscle surface electromyographic protocol was conducted before and after treatment, then the effects of the treatment were evaluated.Results:The quality of life scores(I-QoL) of the patients after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment [(67.34±7.18) vs.(56.82±6.27),P<0.05]. Compared to those before treatment, the overall score of Glazer pelvic floor muscle surface electromyographic protocol [(69.50±15.40) vs.(64.90±16.30)],fast twitch muscle contraction time [(0.39±0.20)s vs.(0.42±0.30)s],the relaxation time [(0.50±0.40)s vs.(0.58±0.60)s],and the coefficient of variation of slow twitch muscle fibre [(0.22±0.23) vs.(0.34±0.54)] were all significantly improved after the treatment(P<0.05). After treatment, older patients(≥35 years) had a 4.0% reduction in fast twitch muscle contraction time compared to younger patients(<35 years),while younger patients had a 1.5% decrease in fast twitch muscle relax time compared to older patients. The patients in the western region exhibited a 0.7% reduction in the contraction time of fast twitch muscle, and the relaxation time decreased by 5.2% compared to the patients in the eastern region, but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:After electrical stimulation and biofeedback treatment, I-QoL,total score of pelvic floor surface electromyographic protocol, fast muscle contraction time, fast muscle relaxation time, and slow muscle stability of postpartum patients with pelvic floor dysfunction were showed significant differences compared with those before treatment, and electrical stimulation and biofeedback treatment could improve some of the indicators of Glazer pelvic floor muscle surface electromyographic protocol, promote the rehabilitation of the pelvic floor function to improve the I-QoL during the postpartum period.