生殖医学杂志

目的探讨云南地区单中心接诊生殖系统发育异常儿童的临床流行病学特征。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月入住我院的4 086例生殖系统发育异常的患儿临床资料。结果生殖系统发育异常患儿占同期总住院人数的1.91%(4 086/213 509),占泌尿外科总例数的21.94%(4 086/18 627)。4 086例患儿平均年龄(4.98±3.50)岁,体重(19.32±10.05) kg,平均出生时胎龄(37.70±1.92)周,出生体重(2.91±0.49)kg。生殖系统发育异常患儿中少数民族占比为34.46%(1 408/4 086),且不同类型生殖系统发育异常中少数民族所占比例不同,其中性别发育异常少数民族占比达64.71%。统计病例中,儿童生殖系统发育异常以隐睾最常见(55.68%),而性别发育异常最复杂且病例也相对较少。生殖系统发育异常的患儿,其出生时的胎龄及体重均相对较小。结论云南地区儿童隐睾、尿道下裂、隐匿性阴茎等生殖系统发育异常疾病逐年增加,且少数民族发病率高,存在遗传背景差异,需要加大相关筛查,加大孕期相关知识及检查的宣传教育。

Objective:To explore the clinical epidemiological characteristics of children with reproductive system dysplasia in Yunnan province.Methods:The clinical data of 4 086 children with the reproductive system dysplasia admitted in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Children with the reproductive system dysplasia accounted for 1.91%(4 086/213 509) of the total number of hospitalized patients, and 21.94%(4 086/18 627) of the total number of urology patients during the same period. The mean age of was(4.98±3.50) years, the body weight was(19.32±10.05) kg; the mean gestational age was(37.70±1.92) weeks at birth; and the birth weight was(2.91±0.49) kg in the 4 086 children. The proportion of ethnic minorities among children with reproductive system dysplasia was 34.46%(1 408/4 086). The proportion of ethnic minorities in the different types of reproductive system dysplasia was different, and the proportion of ethnic minorities in sexual development abnormality was 64.71%. Among the statistical cases, cryptorchidism was the most common developmental abnormality in children's reproductive system(55.68%),while sexual developmental abnormalities were the most complicated and relatively rare. Children with reproductive system dysplasia had relatively small gestational age and weight at birth. Conclusions:In Yunnan province, children with cryptorchidism, hypospadias, concealed penis and the other reproductive system dysplasia are increasing year by year. The incidence is higher in ethnic minorities, and there are differences in genetic background. It is necessary to increase relevant screening and increase the publicity and education of related knowledge and examination during pregnancy.