生殖医学杂志

目的 研究淫羊藿苷对模拟高原环境下雄性大鼠生殖系统损伤的保护作用，并初步探讨相关作用机制。方法 选取30只12周龄雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分为平原对照组、高原模型组以及淫羊藿苷实验组，每组10只。平原对照组饲养于本院动物实验中心(海拔1 400 m),高原模型组以及淫羊藿苷实验组置入模拟海拔高度6 000 m高原环境动物实验舱；淫羊藿苷实验组给予100 mg/kg淫羊藿苷悬浊液于每日上午9时舱内灌胃，其余两组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃。模拟高原环境干预满30 d后麻醉取材，睾丸组织称重后一侧多聚甲醛固定用于进行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠睾丸组织形态学改变，一侧破碎匀浆处理用于检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)氧化应激指标检测；附睾尾制备成精子悬液，检测精子质量。取大鼠血清检测睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)等激素水平。结果 (1)高原模型组与淫羊藿苷实验组的体重增长显著低于平原对照组(P<0.05),且高原模型组睾丸指数显著低于平原对照组与淫羊藿苷实验组(P<0.05)。(2)HE染色结果示，高原模型组睾丸组织生精小管内各级生精细胞排列不规则，层数减少，管腔内精子数量稀少，支持细胞空泡化，间质内红细胞较多；淫羊藿苷实验组较高原模型组的睾丸组织形态有明显改善。(3)精子质量检测结果显示，与高原模型组相比，平原对照组和淫羊藿苷实验组的精子数量、精子存活率和精子总活动率均显著上升(P<0.01),精子畸形率显著下降(P<0.05);而平原对照组和淫羊藿苷实验组间精子质量均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(4)性激素检测结果显示，与高原模型组相比，平原对照组和淫羊藿苷实验组的大鼠血清T、FSH和LH水平均显著上升(P<0.01);而平原对照组和淫羊藿苷实验组间的血清性激素水平无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(5)氧化应激检测结果显示，与高原模型组相比，平原对照组和淫羊藿苷实验组的睾丸组织内SOD活性显著上升(P<0.01)、MDA水平显著下降(P<0.01),而平原对照组和淫羊藿苷实验组间的氧化应激指标水平无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 淫羊藿苷对模拟高原环境下雄性大鼠生殖损伤具有保护作用。

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of icariin on the reproductive system injury of male rats under simulated high-altitude environment, and to explore the related mechanism.Methods:Thirty 12-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into plain control group, plateau model group and icariin experimental group, with 10 rats in each group. The plain control group was fed in the animal experimental center of our hospital(altitude 1 400 m). The plateau model group and the icariin experimental group were placed in the animal experimental cabin of the simulated altitude of 6 000 m. The rats in icariin experimental group were given 100 mg/kg icariin suspension by gavage at 9 am. every day, and the rats of the other two groups were given equal volume of normal saline by gavage. After 30 days of simulated plateau environment intervention, the testicular tissues of rats were collected under anesthetized. After weighing, one side of the testicular tissue was fixed with paraformaldehyde for hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining to observe the morphological changes of rat testis. another side of the testicular tissue was crushed and homogenized to detect the oxidative stress indexes of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA). The epididymal tail was prepared to sperm suspension for sperm quality examination. Rats' serum levels of testosterone(T),LH and FSH were measured.Results:The weight gain of the rats in plateau model group and the icariin experimental group was significantly lower than that of the plain control group(P<0.05),and the testis index of the plateau model group was significantly lower than that of the plain control group and the icariin experimental group(P<0.05). The results of HE staining showed that the spermatogenic cells at all levels in the seminiferous tubules of the plateau model group were irregularly arranged, the number of layers was reduced, the number of spermatozoa in the lumen was rare, and Sertoli cells were vacuolated, and there were more red blood cells in the stroma. The testicular tissue of the icariin experimental group was significantly improved compared with the plateau model group. The sperm quality examination results showed that, compared with the plateau model group, the sperm count, sperm survival rate and total sperm motility rate of the plain control group and the icariin experimental group increased significantly(P<0.01),and the sperm deformity rate decreased significantly(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in sperm quality between the plain control group and the icariin experimental group(P>0.05). The results of sex hormones determination showed that the serum T,FSH and LH levels of the rats in the plain control group and the icariin experimental group were significantly increased compared with the plateau model group(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in serum sex hormone levels between the experimental groups(P>0.05). The results of oxidative stress detection showed that the SOD activity in the testis tissue of the plain control group and the icariin experimental group was significantly increased compared with the plateau model group(P<0.01),but the MDA level was significantly decreased(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the oxidative stress indicators between the control group and the icariin experimental group(P>0.05).Conclusions:Icariin has protective effect on reproductive system injury in male rats under simulated high-altitude environment.